Overview of the Norwegian Deposit Scheme and a comparison with Singapore
Plastic waste is a growing concern worldwide. Recent publications and reports have highlighted the significant risk related to the mismanagement of plastic for the environment, human health, and the communities. Also, the growing demand for plastic along with the depletion of resources raise concerns about the sustainability of the current modes of consumption.
It was estimated that, up to 2015, 6.3 billion metric tonnes of plastic waste had been generated worldwide. Around 9% of which was recycled, 12% was incinerated, and 79% was accumulated in landfills or the natural environment.
These figures are representative of some of the challenges faced for the recovery of plastic:
- Low return rate: unlike other materials, used plastics historically had a low value, and little incentive was given for returning used plastic.
- Difficult segregation of materials: plastics cover a wide range of materials with similar chemical or physical properties making the segregation of plastic difficult.
- High level of contamination: plastic recovered from household waste streams is often combined with other materials or contaminated with organic matter making the separation and recycling difficult.
Among the many initiatives which have been implemented worldwide for the collection and the recycling of plastic waste, Norway is often mentioned as the best example. Implemented in 1999, the Container Deposit Return (CDR) scheme is considered as one of the most efficient and cost-effective systems. In 2017, the return rate of PET bottles (bottles returned to the outlet versus bottle sold) was at 86.1%.
Despite their differences, Singapore and Norway share many similarities such as the total population, the overall wealth, and a common ambition to promote sustainable practices. These similarities suggest that a deposit scheme similar to Norway could be successful in Singapore as well.
This document provides an overview of the Norwegian Deposit Scheme and draws a comparison with Singapore. It highlights the main principles and results of the Norwegian scheme and investigates how a similar scheme could be applied in Singapore.
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This document aims to contribute to the discussion around strategies and technologies that could be implemented in Singapore and beyond to achieve Zero Waste goals.